Method of making nuts



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' J. H. BURDIOK.

METHOD OF MAKING NUTS.

' No. 380,243. "P ate'nted Mar; 27, 1888,.

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J. H. BURDIGKJ METHOD OF MAKING NUTS. No. 380, 243 Paten ted Ma.r-.27,18.88.

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H. BURDICK. .1 METHOD OF MAKING NUTS.

Patented Mary 27,1888. I

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFI JUSTIN H. BURDIOK, or UTICA, WISCONSIN.

' METHOD OF MAKING NUTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent vNo. 380,243, dated March 27, 1888.

Application filed May 31, 1887. Serial No. 239,816. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: 3e it known that I, JUSTIN H. BURDIGK, o

Utlca, in the county of Dane, and in the State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Method of Maklng uts; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof. I

My invention relates to an improved method of maklng nuts, and will be fully described hereinafter.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of a machine adapted for usein carrying out my said method, shown partly broken away, and sectloned to better illustrate the construction of certain parts. Fig. 2is a side elevation of the base of said machine with the upper portion 1n section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section of said machine on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail plan view. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal vertical section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 1. Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9 are details of one of the die-blocks, plunger and crowner, mandrel, and connecting-rod shown in Fig. 5. Figs. 10 to 16, in-

elusive, show different stages in the operation of the dies; and Fig. 17 illustrates a different arrangement of the operative faces of the dies.

My present invention consists in the method of forming a nut from a strip of metal by a ser es-of steps, consisting of first bending said strip into a U form between the faces of the opposing die-blocks; secondly, putting a mandrel in between the said doubled sides, and 3 5 thirdly, forcing the dies together and thereby compressing the metalinto the required shape around the mandrel; and this may be done either by hand or by the successive use of separate tools, or, as herein illustrated, by a single machine, which machine forms the subject-matter of an application for patent executed by me December 2, 1887, and filed in the United States PatentOffice, which machine, as stated, is identical with that shown in the drawings of the present application, wherein A designates the base, of any suitable construction to give the requisite strength and steadiness.

B is the main or driving shaft journaled in said base and carrying a fly-wheel, C, and driving-pulley D, to which power may be applied, as by the belt shown in dotted lines in-Fig. 1, I and the opposite end of this shaft has secured thereto a pinion, E, which meshes withlthe gear-wheels F and G, secured to the ends of the shafts H and I, respectively. The'shaft I at the end opposite the gear G is provided with an eccentric, J, from whose strap therew extends a connecting-rod, K, whose upper end is connected by a universal joint to one end of a walking-beam, L, which is supported by a suitable frame, M, and whose other end .isslotted at a for the reception of a sliding block, b, to which is pivoted at c the'upper end of a bender, N, which has vertical move ment above and between the die-blocks (to be hereinafter described) moving in a guide, 0, secured by legs at to the block or rectangular. frame P,which rests on the bed Q, supported on the baseA. The shaft H is supported above the bed Qat the rear end of the ma chine, and fitted with three-eccentrics,R R R, whose straps are jointed to connecting-rods S, S, and 8*, respectively, whose front ends are rounded, as shown at e e, and forked to make elbow-joints with the parts in front of them. The rod S is thus connected to a mandrel, T, having a rounded head, f, fitting between thev ends e e of the rod S, and a slot, 9, for a purpose hereinafter described,and the rods S and S are connected by rounded bearings,-as' de- 7 scribed, to thrust-bars T and-T U U represent the die-blocks, arranged to slide transversely across the bed Q between the 8 5 inner walls of the hollow rectangular frame or block P. The operative faces of these dieblocks in one arrangement are well shown in Figs. 6, 10, and 13-, and in a slightly different arrangement in Fig. 17, in the former views one of the flat faces of the hexagonal die shown being uppermost, and in the latter view one of the points of the same being uppermost.

In practice I usually prefer this last-named arrangement, though of course the shape of 5 the die proper may be variedat will, and a square, round, or other die might be employed instead of the hexagon shown.

Figs. 10, 11, 12, 14., and 17 are partly in sec tion on the line 10 10 of Fig. 16 of one dieblock and a supposed similar line of the companion die-block. (Not shown in Fig. 16.)

Each die-block 11 .contains half of the die proper, h, from the center of which extends the opening 1' (half in each die-block) for the reception of the front end of the mandrel T, and the top of each die-block is cut away or recessed, as at j, for the reception of the blank V, from which the nut is to be made, this recess extending a little more than halfway across the die-blocks, as shown in Fig. 6; and at the transverse center of the opposing edges of each die-block a rounded channel, It, is out, just above the inner end of the die proper, to serve as a guide for the blank and facilitate its downward progress under the bender, as hereinafter described; and each die-block is further cut away from beneath at the rear of each opposing face, as shown at m, to afford room for the completed nut to drop out of the way.

W is the plunger, (shown partly in section in Fig. 7 having a groove, Z, throughout its length for the passage of the mandrel T therethrough, and at the front end provided with a crowner, n, and at the rear end, which is reduced, as shown ato o, with a rounded concavity, 12, for the reception of the rounded end a of the connecting-rod S, and this plunger is also fitted with a bolt or pin, q,which is driven into the same after the mandrel T is in place within the plunger, so that the lower end of said bolt or pin will project slightly within the slot 9 in said mandrel.

The thrust-bars T T, already named, move in transverse grooves cut in or through the frame or block I, there being supplemental V- grooves or guideways for the V guide-strips r, integral with or forming part of said thrustbars, and on the inner side of each bar is a roundedincline or wedge, 8, bearing againstan anti-friction roller, t, (vertically pivoted at the end of a safety-piece, X, which is a hollow or skeleton frame inserted in the end of each dieblock,) thereby forcing the die-blocks together.

Y Y are retracting-springs connecting the die-blocks to the frame P.

Secured to each side of the guide 0 are holdingclips Z Z, of flat spring metal, extending down to just above the recesses j in the top of the die-blocks, and the blanksV areinserted at this point and rest on the feet u u of these clips, which are arranged at a slight angle to each other, so that there is somewhat more space between their front than their rear edges, and so, in entering between them, the blank V wedges them apart at the rear, and thereby insures a tight grasp when in position for the foot 12 of the bender N to descend upon said blank.

The operation of my machine is as follows: A strip of metal, of the shape shown by the blank V in Fig. 10 and at a red-heat, is placed in position on the spring-clips Z Z, as just described, and power being communicated to the machine the shaft I and its eccentric J revolve and the rod K rises, carrying with it the adjacent end of the walking-beam L and depressing the opposite end of said beam and the bender N, whose foot 1) strikes the center of the blank V and carries it down between the opposing faces of the die-blocks U U, as shown in Figs. 10 and 11, and then, as the eccentric J on the shaft I continues its revolution and the bender N consequently begins its upward movement,the eccentrics R and R on the shaft H move, (slightly in advance of the central eccentric, R,) and consequently, by means of the connecting-rods S and S, the thrust-bars T and T are moved forward and serve to begin the movement of the die-blocks U U toward each other just as the extreme end of the mandrel T, actuated by the eccentric R and connecting-rod S, enters between the doubled sides of the blank V, as shown in Figs. 12 and 13. The continued revolution of shaft H and its eccentrics forces the dies close together and carries the rounded end 0 of the central connecting-rod, S, against the rounded end p of the plunger W, forcing it forward, and then,- after the die-blocks have met and the blank V has thereby become a nut, as shown in Fig. 14, there is still a slight subsequent forward motion of the rod S and plunger W, which forces the crownern on the forward end of said plunger against the nut, Fig. 15, stamping the crown thereon, and completing the same. The mandrel T is now drawn back, carrying the nut with it, and thereby drawing the plunger back to place, the rearward motion of the plunger being limited .by its shoulders 0 coming in contact with the similarly-shaped shoulders within the block P, Fig. 5, and as the mandrel is still further retracted the nut is deprived of internal support and drops down through the passage w in the bed Q. Should it happen that the nut should be stripped from the mandrel before the plunger is wholly retracted, the bolt or pin q in said plunger would come into contact with the front wall of the slot 9 in the mandrel, and thus as the mandrel was fully retracted (by the revolution of shaft H and eccentric R) the plunger would be thereby drawn back to place. The die-blocks are moved toward each other by reason of the action of the wedges or inclines s on the thrust-bars T T against the anti-friction rollers t of the pieces X, which form practically a part of the die-blocks, and in the event of any obstruction (such as a broken nut, tool, or fragment of metal) to the perfect closure of the die-blocks the said pieces, being skeleton frames, would crush or break, and thereby save the other parts of the machine from injury, for which reason I term these parts X safety-pieces. The springs Y Y serve to retract the die-blocks to their original normal position-that is, with their operative faces farthest apart-the moment the thrust-bars are retracted and the inclines s thereon drawn back of the rollers t.

The nut made by my machine is what is specifically called in the trade a blank-nut, designed to be subsequently tapped in any ordinary manner.

Having thus fully described my invention,

ICC

what I claim as new, and desire to secure by In testimony thatI claim the foregoing I Letters Patent, is V have hereunto set my hand, at Milwaukee, in

The hereinbefore-described method of formthe county of Milwaukee and State of Wisconing a nut from a strip of metal, consisting of sin, in the presence of two witnesses.

5 bending said strip between the opposing faces a of a pair of die-blocks, inserting a mandrel be- JUSTIN H. BURDIOK.

tween the doubled sides of the strip and forcing the dies together, thereby compressing the Witnesses:

metal of the strip into the required shape H. G. UNDERwooD,

:0 around the mandrel, substantially as set forth; N. E. OLIPHANT. 

